Time-fuse.



i F.I DE cAsANovAs a n. nu|o-Y nosas.

TIME FUSE.

Arrucmon man uvz?. 1918.

-K Pand Jan.,15,1918.

UNTTED sTATEs PATENT omen.

n'ALTAsAn rAneAs nu eAsanrovAs AND nAuoN nUBI 1 scena, or encarnan,

SPAIN.

I TIME-rusia.

specioation'of Letters Patent.y Patentll Jan. 15, 1918.

Application lcd Hay 27; 1916. Serial No. 100,374.

To all whom it may concern: l

Be it known that we BALTASAR FAneAs DE GAsANovAs and RAMON RUBI Y ROGER, sub-` 'ects of the Kin of Spain, residing at arcelona, King om of Spain, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Time-Fuses, of which the following` is a specification.

position;

`1n shrapnel for sporting guns.

"liti heoblect of the presentrnvention' is the construction of time fuses of hi h precision with elimination of the delays 1n the ignition of the fuse mixture and in the communication of the ignition to the charge in the. projectile, allowing at the same timeof the 'construction of fuses of very short duration and at uniformity suchras are indisensable Il: many purposes and, above all,

short time fuses are needed, such as of a second, and consequently the permissible errors may not exceed fbth ofa second. With the ordinary construction this is found 'to-be impossible because the error attains 100%.

In` the accompanylng drawings, Figure l1 is a sectional elevatlon of an ordinary time fuse;

Fig.v 2is a view similar to Fig. 1, showingthe condition of an ordinary time fuse at the end of the. combustion ofy the timing com- Fig.;34 is a sectional velevation of a time fuse embodyingfthis invention; Fig.l 4 is a sectional elevation of a modified embodiment-ofthis invention, and

Fig. 5 illustrates diagrammatically a process of gaging a fuse of the type( shown in ger' 'eter clearness we illustrate in Figs. 1 'and the mode of operation of. an or inary Iixed' time fuse.-

In theseigures a is the body of the fuse- V and b the composition, the combustion o lWh'ichgis to produce 'the ignition of the chai' The direction of combustion 'tion is that 4indicated retardation and uncertainty in the ignitlon 'ofthetimingcom of a new' tion which 'place Vin the'la'yer gm. e combustion oecursby" layers .on arrivinwrear the Iinal4 one, the p due tothe i harge of the com' rodstheb' Ofthe bustlon This is the"cause mty qf'tlleseV yers' of .timingcomposit-ion For. these arched Ishape-for theen of the timing position'here too.. As semedet'nating by f fuse there isa slight' because the thickness broken. by the pressureof the gases is .differf ent in each case. Besides this there is still another cause of irregularity which produces the greatest variations, and that is the delayed ignition of the charge p ofthe proj'ecti e. v

f It is vevident that these errors are small,- but if it be remembered that each one-tenth of a second, with the speed of the projectile of 35() meters, represents 35 meters error in distance, the importance of avoiding them will at once be. understood.

Y In order to do away with thel dela in igf nition of the timingcomposition an insure the said'ignition we cover the timing composition with a V ight layer of a Vdetonating substance and als@l surround it with a ring of a readily inflammable substance, as for instance, black powder,` or still better, a

mixture of the same with a small amount of amorphous phosphorus.

To avoid the, irregularitydue the breaking of the last layeroftimingcompositon and the variable retardationfof ignltion of the charge in the projectile we arrange'V in onating explosive is 4in a compressed mass there is no need to give theend ofthe timing composition a special form because the break, but burniregularly to the' end, thou there is of course no o b'ection toploves which may lose their se 'last layers are. strengthenedbyfthe;detonats;4 l -ingexplosive and consequently tiveness by compression A(-fo'r instance f\i1-V- minate -of n1'ercury.) and detonation 'must be insured,' we'prov1"de the fuse internally with a narrowed and a widened part in succession, and cause the timing composition'to- V 10e occupy part of the wider portion-se that the I point o meeting of. thesaid `com 'tic'n and the detonatorlies in the said wide por'- i tion.' In this way we prevent compression Aof Vthe detonating l ve by the inertia at the moment-of of the explosive ch 'furthermore ,e emergenceof the4 gases. of combustion of the composition .is

made somewhatI di'lcultfthus increasir its pressure and insuring the detonation -o the fulminating charge. 'At the same time lthe 5 explosion isdirected in that direction which is "favorable to the. sure and com Iet'eigntion of the char e of the projectile.

For greaterl c earness we show i113 a fuse constructed along these lines. he said figure represents a fixedftme vfuse for shrapnel for sportin with -the (system lo internal i `1tion in which-the inertia of the projectile 1s utilized: The sliding piston s serves to ignite the composition by means of the ring -o of a readily inlammablesubstance and the \light layer of detonating explosive `r. The ring t o covers the. gas vents 'n and is'made so thatv it can easil break.` The body'o'f vthe fuse, a has a thiclened portion Ito-consolidate the H timing composition b whichatitn end d is arched or truncated cone shaped, the. advantages of which we have exp ained. At'g l there is a charge of detonating explosive 1 fulminate of mercury, nitrid oflead, suld of nitrogem' or'the like ,inthe-form ofi.

a sli htly compressed fpow er which is held ac'e'b" a sheet'o y .this means 'tlie' exploprojectile.

before bove the thickened. poirrhed; hasmuc strengthened by shownA or a b v moana' .-placng the detonating charge. lcontact with the timingcomposltion.

tion, s o that it is really diicult to produce guns and is `provided` in which is mounted the archedshaped end ofthe tin or ystill betterV as 4s'hownjin rig. .3,- by a disk of gun cotton hc- ".sible' forus ...to construct g f in direct .y The time of fuses vdepends on the chai' acter. and dimensions of the timing composif 'in large uantities the [fuses required for 70" sporting 's rapnelz which must' be of great uniformity. For this jpurpose we have con'- trl'ved a method whichfc'onsists in compressing-'an excess o timing composition exerting 75 always the vsame'prn'a-ssu're'in` order to produceequalfdensit and vafterward 'taking away the excess o vtiming composition Vby a cutting implement..

tion may be done .b'y.\.. 'a punch with a spring or else by hydraulic or'compressed air Eres. lke y a sure. fThe fuses are Amade' all al' machine suchfas thatshown in diagram in Fig; 5 `which consists essentially -in a jig j fuse a resting-with one end of thettming.composition ba on the' boss 7c so that on-loweing the cuttin tool t there'v is obtained at the same time-l as the priming .composi- 90 length, -so that. 1t

tionfand exact equality -in is possible toobtain fuses of great precision.

IJhuis operation can/be .carried'out autom'ati? 'ca y. l s g With these improvements it hasv been vposfuses. for =sporting s h-rapnels'of-fone-tenth'- of asecond of' time,

with .an average error of neffou'rth hun- 105 s ltion, ajcharge detonatmgexp osm .1ny

AQ Lwinjectile when the 'fuse is. 'sethereto, and 4means to-prevent delay .i In a time' fuse,..a mass 'of'timii'gfconipof llon, a charge of ;detonating explosiva-adv' meent the: tlmingcomposition. and so. ar'

ing c ompositiionfan fthe; e' .losiv'e charge". xlss ,is-.secured'vthan@ .ve portiodf' 155 inflammable material timinlgucomposition to 4.

the timing composition, a disk of gun cotton adjacent the charge of detonating explosive and so arranged as to be' interposed between the detonating explosiveand the explosive chay ofl the proectile when the fuse is'Se.- cure thereto, an `a ring made of a readily litate its ignition. a time a casing having gas vents, said casing containing atiming composition, a charge of, detonatmg explosive in irect contact with the timing composition` a disk of gun cotton adjacent the charge o detonating explosive and adapted to bear a inst the ex losive charge of the projec-` ti: `iiise is secured thereto, and a' y when the ring of a readily inlammable material positioned under the timing composition to facilitate its ignition, said ringbeing placed in such a way that its inner surface corresponds tothe lower end of the timin composition and `its side walls cover t e gas Vso- `the is secure vents in the casing. y l 5. In a, time fuse, a hollow body comprising two enlarged portions connected by a narrow neck, a mass of timing composition` in Ethelower part of said body, a charge of v detonating explosive in the upper part of said body and arranged so as to contact. with the explosive chare of the projectile when thereto, and means to y met l i positioned under vthe acl prevent delay `in the ignition of the composition, the arrangement being suc as to prevent compression ofthe detonating explosive the inertia of thev charge powder at instant of firing and a conseuent' loss of sensibility on the part ofA said etonating explosive.

, 6. In a jtlme fuse, a casing 'hav' tion filling the lower portion of said y and; a part of the narrowneck, a charge of detonating explosive filling Athe remaming part of said narrowneck and the greater- `art of the' upper portion of-s'aid body, a isk of gun cotton arranged in the upper portion of said body on topof said charge of `detonating explosive, and a rmgof a readily inflammable material positioned under the timing composition. to facilitate its" ignition, said ring being disposed in such a way that 4 lower end of the timing composition and its lateral walls cover4 the gas vents in said casing.

tures.

inusinrneis i siemens. mon arm 1 roars."

Y ses", vents, said casing containing a hollow y comprising two enlarged portions connected p by a narrow neck, a mass of timing com osi- In testimony whereof wp alli! ,Our Assign@ its inner edge corresponds tothe 

